Airbus

How Airbus Fly-by-Wire Protections Actually Work

Airbus fly-by-wire is often reduced to a simple claim: the computers will not let the pilot exceed the aircraft’s limits. The reality is more...

Boeing

How the Boeing 777X Folding Wingtips Work

The Boeing 777X uses a very large, high-aspect-ratio composite wing to improve aerodynamic efficiency. Its full span would exceed the airport gate category used...

Why the Boeing 787 Uses More-Electric Systems

The Boeing 787 replaced several functions traditionally powered by engine bleed air with electrically driven equipment. This “more-electric” architecture does not mean the aircraft...

Airlines

Airports

How Airport Runways Get Their Numbers

Runway numbers are based on magnetic direction, rounded to the nearest ten degrees and shortened to two digits. A runway aligned approximately 274 degrees...

Routes

Facts

Why Airliner Windows Have a Tiny Hole

The small hole near the bottom of many airliner window panes is a breather hole. Passenger windows normally contain multiple layers, and the hole...

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